Morphing of Bistable Composite Laminates Using Distributed Piezoelectric Actuators

<table>Measured out-of-plane displacements at different applied voltages. (a) <svg height="11.6375" id="M79" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 51.212502 11.6375" width="51.212502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x394"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,10.959,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x1D449"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,28.28,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x3D"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.984,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g>
</svg> V. (b) <svg height="11.6375" id="M80" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 67.537498 11.6375" width="67.537498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x394"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,10.959,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x1D449"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,28.28,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x3D"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.984,11.362)"><path d="M447 623l8 -12l-283 -613l-74 -10l-7 11q174 283 297 551h-216q-48 0 -62.5 -12t-33.5 -63h-29q10 60 18 148h382z" id="x37"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,51.144,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x35"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,59.303,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g>
</svg> V. (c) <svg height="11.6375" id="M81" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 75.6875 11.6375" width="75.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x394"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,10.959,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x1D449"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,28.28,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x3D"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.984,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x31"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,51.144,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x35"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,59.303,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,67.463,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g>
</svg> V.</table>

Smart Materials Research

fig10

Figure 10

Figure 10: Morphing of Bistable Composite Laminates Using Distributed Piezoelectric Actuators 