Morphing of Bistable Composite Laminates Using Distributed Piezoelectric Actuators

<table>Predicted shapes for different applied voltage levels (step 2). (a) Shape at point A <svg height="15.0875" id="M72" style="vertical-align:-2.3205pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 62.974998 15.0875" width="62.974998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x28"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,5.944,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x394"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,16.84,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x1D449"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,34.162,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x3D"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,48.866,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,57.025,12.138)"><use xlink:href="#x29"></use></g>
</svg>. (b) Shape at point B (<svg height="11.6375" id="M73" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 75.6875 11.6375" width="75.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x394"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,10.959,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x1D449"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,28.28,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x3D"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.984,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x31"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,51.144,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x31"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,59.303,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x38"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,67.463,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g>
</svg> V). (c) Shape at point D (<svg height="11.6375" id="M74" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 75.6875 11.6375" width="75.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x394"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,10.959,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x1D449"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,28.28,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x3D"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.984,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x31"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,51.144,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x35"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,59.303,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,67.463,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g>
</svg> V).</table>

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Figure 5

Figure 5: Morphing of Bistable Composite Laminates Using Distributed Piezoelectric Actuators 