Epidemiology Research International / 2013 / Article / Tab 6 / Research Article
Behavioural Risk Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases among Nepalese Urban Poor: A Descriptive Study from a Slum Area of Kathmandu Table 6 Summary of combined risk factors in the study population, shown in percentage (
). The following risk factors were considered while counting the number of risk factors present: current daily smoker, less than 5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day, low physical activity (<600 MET-minutes), overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²), raised BP (SBP ≥ 140 and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg, or currently on medication fro raised BP [
20 ].
Male Female Total Number of risk factors Number of risk factors Number of risk factors 0 1-2 3–5 0 1-2 3–5 0 1-2 3–5 Age (years) 15–24 2.7 81.3 16.0 6.0 82.9 11.1 4.7 82.3 13.0 25–34 1.8 57.1 41.1 2.8 67.0 30.3 2.4 63.6 33.9 35–44 0.0 49.2 50.8 1.1 58.6 40.2 0.7 54.7 44.6 45–54 0.0 43.8 56.3 0.0 62.3 37.7 0.0 53.5 46.5 55–64 0.0 55.2 44.8 0.0 39.1 60.9 0.0 48.1 51.9 ≥65 0.0 28.6 71.4 0.0 47.1 52.9 0.0 38.7 61.3 Ethnicity Hill Dalit 0.0 54.5 45.5 1.5 65.2 33.3 1.0 61.6 37.4 Disadvantaged Janajatis (Hill) 0.0 57.1 42.9 2.7 63.2 34.1 1.7 60.4 37.9 Relatively advantaged Janajatis 5.9 50.0 44.1 3.3 56.7 40.0 4.7 53.1 42.2 Upper caste groups 1.1 65.2 33.7 2.7 75.9 21.4 2.0 71.1 26.9 Others 0.0 57.1 42.9 7.7 69.2 23.1 3.7 63.0 33.3 Highest education No formal education 0.0 49.3 50.7 2.4 57.9 39.7 1.8 55.7 42.5 Less than primary 0.0 55.6 44.4 5.3 73.7 21.1 2.2 63.0 34.8 Primary completed 0.9 63.3 35.8 1.9 72.6 25.5 1.4 67.9 30.7 Secondary completed 3.4 58.6 37.9 5.5 81.8 12.7 4.4 69.9 25.7 High school or more 0.0 61.1 38.9 0.0 82.4 17.6 0.0 71.4 28.6 Occupation Employed (gov/nongov) 0.0 70.7 29.3 9.4 71.9 18.8 3.3 71.1 25.6 Self-employed 0.0 53.3 46.7 0.9 63.3 35.8 0.4 57.7 41.9 Student 9.5 76.2 14.3 10.5 81.6 7.9 10.2 79.7 10.2 Housewife — — — 1.9 71.7 26.4 1.9 71.7 26.4 Unemployed (able to work) 0.0 52.3 47.7 0.0 53.3 46.7 0.0 52.8 47.2 Others 0.0 42.1 57.9 0.0 43.5 56.5 0.0 42.9 57.1 Migration (years) <1 3.6 78.6 17.9 0.0 73.7 26.3 1.5 75.8 22.7 1–5 2.3 44.2 53.5 3.7 73.2 23.2 3.2 63.2 33.6 5–10 1.0 57.1 41.8 3.6 65.5 30.9 2.5 62.0 35.4 >10 0.0 58.8 41.2 2.0 62.6 35.4 1.1 60.9 37.9 Income status (NRs) (
) 1st quartile (≤5000) 0.0 60.0 40.0 4.4 67.0 28.6 2.7 64.4 32.9 2ndquartile (5001–7000) 0.0 43.8 56.3 2.9 62.9 34.3 1.5 53.7 44.8 3rd quartile (7001–10000) 0.0 56.9 43.1 0.0 73.8 26.2 0.0 64.5 35.5 4th quartile (≥10000) 0.0 57.6 42.4 3.8 53.8 42.3 1.2 56.5 42.4 Total 1.1 58.0 41.0 2.7 66.7 30.5 2.0 63.1 34.8
NRs: Nepalese rupees.
