Review Article

Targeting Oncogene-Induced Autophagy: A New Approach in Cancer Therapy?

Table 2

Preclinical trials evaluating the potential of combinatorial drug therapies as anticancer treatments.

Combinatorial drug therapies
CompoundsMechanismCancer typeRole of autophagyReferences

5-Flurouracil and si-Beclin-1Inhibit nucleic acid synthesisEsophageal cancer
Liver cancer
Prodeath
Prodeath
[29]
[39]
CQ, Oxaliplatin and BevacizumabInhibition of autophagy by CQ sensitizes cells to Oxaliplatin and Bevacizumab treatment Colorectal cancerProdeath[83]
Compound C and BafilomycinInhibit AMPK activityBrain cancerProdeath[84]
CQ and ADZ5363Inhibit Akt signaling pathway downstream and reduce phosphorylated-mTOR and p-RPS6KB/p70S6KProstate cancerProdeath[85]
CQ and NVP-BEZ235
CQ and XL765
Inhibition of autophagy by CQ sensitizes cells to dual PI3K/mTOR treatmentBrain cancerProdeath
Prodeath
[81]
[82]
Gemcitabine and CannabinoidIncrease ceramidePancreatic cancerProdeath[86]
Lucanthone and VorinostatEnhance activity of histone deacetylase inhibitor, VorinostatBreast cancerProdeath[68]
Obatoclax and LapatinibIncrease expression of NOXA, leading to displacement of Mcl-1 from Beclin-1Breast cancerProdeath[87]
Pyrvinium pamoate and 2-DGPyrvinium pamoate inhibits 2-DG-triggered accumulation of LC3 punctaCervical cancer
Colorectal cancer
Prodeath
Prodeath
[88]
Sorafenib and PemetrexedIncrease levels of Akt, p70 S6K, and/or phosphorylated-mTORBrain, breast, liver, and lung cancersProdeath[48]
Tamoxifen and deacetylasePrevent HMGB1: Beclin-1-mediated autophagy from promoting drug resistanceOsteosarcomaProdeath[89]
Valproic acid and TubacinInhibit HDAC6 specificallyOvarian cancerProdeath[90]