Clinical Study

Percentage of Deaths Attributable to Poor Cardiovascular Health Lifestyle Factors: Findings from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

Table 2

Estimated hazard ratios of death in categories of potential risk factors, the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study, 1987–2003.

No. of deathsTotal no. of participantsUnadjusted
HR (95% CI)
Multivariate-adjusted
HR (95% CI)a

Nonmodifiable variables
Age group, years
 20–3930299911
 40–497144531.62 (1.05–2.48)1.58 (1.03–2.42)
 50–598328742.91 (1.92–4.42)2.88 (1.88–4.41)
 ≥60849148.48 (5.59–12.86)8.53 (5.55–13.13)
Gender
 Male229859811
 Female3926420.59 (0.42–0.82)0.66 (0.47–0.94)
Family history of CVD
 No229997411
 Yes3912661.37 (0.98–1.93)1.46 (1.04–2.05)
Nonideal modifiable lifestyle factors
Current smoker4112871.50 (1.07–2.09)1.62 (1.16–2.28)
BMI ≥ 2514559541.81 (0.93–1.50)0.88 (0.68–1.14)
Unhealthy diet (<3 components)15270110.87 (0.68–1.11)1.01 (0.79–1.29)
Low fitness359811.81 (1.27–2.59)2.04 (1.40–2.99)

CVD: cardiovascular disease.
Adjusted for all the variables in the table plus hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia.