Review Article
Development and Evaluation of Automotive Speech Interfaces: Useful Information from the Human Factors and the Related Literature
Table 6
Subjective rating and driving behavior statistics from selected studies (S: speech; M: manual).
| | Study | Subjective rating | Driving behavior—glances | | Workload | Preference | Glance duration | Number of glances |
| | Carter and Graham [17] | S < M | | | | |
Faerber and Meier-Arendt [32] | | S is preferred | Radio or CD control:
M: 1 s; S: 1/3 s
Using phone: M: 1 s | Radio or CD control:
M: 3; S: 1.1
Using phone: M: 12; S: 0 | | Garay-Vega et al. [19] | S (query-based) < M | | S < M | | | Gärtner et al. [20] | No difference | | | Simple task: no difference
Complex tasks: S < M | | Itoh et al. [21] | S < M | | S < M | | | Maciej and Vollrath [22] | | | S < M | | | McCallum et al. [23] | S < M | | | | | Minker et al. [9] | | S is preferred | | | | Shutko et al. [25] | | | S < M
(Except receiving an incoming call) | |
|
|
