A Three-Species Food Chain System with Two Types of Functional Responses

Figure 3

𝑎=1, 𝑏=0.4, 𝑐₁=0.7, 𝑐₂=0.6, 𝑐₃=0.01, 𝑐₄=1.4, 𝑑₁=0.3, 𝑑₂=0.45, 𝛼₁=1.3, 𝛼₂=0.6, and 𝛽=1.0 and an initial condition (1,1,1). (a) The trajectory of the system (1.2). (b)–(d) Time series for 𝑥(𝑡),𝑦(𝑡), and 𝑧(𝑡).