Geometric Analysis of an Integrated Pest Management Model Including Two State Impulses

Figure 8

There exists a 1-periodic solution in the area Ω₁={(𝑥,𝑦)∣ℎ₁<𝑥<ℎ₂} corresponding to Figure 4(b).

(a) Phase diagram of system  (30)

(b) Time series of system  (30)

(c) Time series of system  (30)