Association of Chocolate Spot and Faba Bean Rust Epidemics with Climate Change Resilient Cultural Practices in Bale Highlands, Ethiopia
Table 2
Independent variable by disease contingency table for logistic regression analysis of chocolate spot and rust during 2017 main cropping season in eight districts (n=280) of Bale highlands, south eastern Ethiopia.
Independent variable
Variable class
Total number of fields
Number of fields in different chocolate spot and rust categories
Chocolate spot
Rust
Incidence
PSI
Incidence
PSI (%)
≤75
>75
≤30
>30
≤50
>50
≤20
>20
Districts
Agarfa
35
-
35
21
14
28
7
27
8
Dinsho
35
2
33
7
28
21
14
18
17
Gasera
35
1
34
14
21
1
34
4
31
Ginir
35
4
31
32
3
31
4
35
-
Goba
35
3
32
13
22
18
17
21
14
Gololcha
35
5
30
19
16
26
9
31
4
Goro
35
20
15
31
4
35
-
35
-
Sinana
35
6
29
21
14
31
4
32
3
Total no. of fields
280
41
239
158
122
191
89
203
77
Planting date
July
104
5
99
33
71
62
42
60
44
August
55
4
51
20
35
25
30
22
33
September
121
32
89
105
16
104
17
121
-
Previous crop
Legume
18
5
13
3
15
5
13
1
17
Cereal
219
3
216
112
107
147
72
161
58
Vegetable
43
33
10
43
-
39
4
41
2
Altitudes
Low
123
32
91
89
34
114
9
113
10
Medium
40
-
40
26
14
25
15
34
6
High
117
9
108
43
74
52
65
56
61
Cropping system
52
35
17
41
11
23
29
36
16
Sole
228
6
222
117
111
168
60
167
61
Growth stage
Flowering
15
7
8
4
11
2
13
3
12
Podding
106
25
81
56
50
77
29
66
40
Late podding
159
9
150
98
61
112
47
134
25
Weed management
Poor
94
8
86
24
70
36
58
37
57
Good
114
22
92
103
11
98
16
102
12
Intermediate
72
11
61
31
41
57
15
64
8
Soil type
Clay
40
3
37
8
32
27
13
28
12
Vertisol
114
23
91
74
40
87
27
90
24
Loam
126
15
111
76
50
77
49
85
41
Fertilizer
Fertilized
135
15
120
70
65
94
41
98
37
Unfertilized
145
26
119
88
57
97
48
105
40
Fungicides
Sprayed
69
8
61
34
35
53
16
55
14
Unsprayed
211
33
178
124
87
138
73
148
63
Percentage severity index. Faba bean intercropped with cereals (wheat, mai, and oats) and vegetables (potato, garlic, and onion).
