Research Article

Selection and Configuration of Sorption Isotherm Models in Soils Using Artificial Bees Guided by the Particle Swarm

Table 3

Performance of the gradient-based solver on the experimental data of Cd sorption on Molokai soil using two-site Langmuir isotherm.

Initial guessPredicted solutionError

9200.11723.74.4923.840.11921.17464.8840.071872
8800.14711.57880.290.13019.51525.0540.072161
1000.1107490.2110.320356.7010.0750.089178
1000.1100.5515.7770.308324.2130.0750.089366
1000.11000.5429.7050.350429.9150.0790.088687