Research Article

Discrete Element Simulation of Elastoplastic Shock Wave Propagation in Spherical Particles

Figure 4

Contact force between particles during loading-unloading process. (a) During compaction, contact is mainly in the plastic range except for elastic unloading at few points. (b) Contact force increases until the hammer stops. Oscillations during unloading are due to the adhesion between particles.
123695.fig.004a
(a)
123695.fig.004b
(b)