A Comparative Numerical Study on the Performances and Vortical Patterns of Two Bioinspired Oscillatory Mechanisms: Undulating and Pure Heaving

<div>The time averaged inline force of heaving and undulatory oscillations versus Strouhal number. (a) Full range of Strouhal numbers, and (b, c) zoomed area to show the steady state line.</div>

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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Figure 5

Figure 5: A Comparative Numerical Study on the Performances and Vortical Patterns of Two Bioinspired Oscillatory Mechanisms: Undulating and Pure Heaving 

Figure 5 | A Comparative Numerical Study on the Performances and Vortical Patterns of Two Bioinspired Oscillatory Mechanisms: Undulating and Pure Heaving 