|
| Authors (year) | Number of subjects and age | Tensile force/strength, mean (SD) in Newton | Stiffness, mean (SD) in Newton/mm | Remarks/special considerations/comments |
|
| Kennedy et al. (1976) | 10 isolated ACL samples
Median age 62 | 626 (51) | — | Strain rate study on isolated ACL samples was performed. Failure load and strain increased as a function of strain rate [25] |
|
| Trent et al. (1976) | 10 FATC samples
Age between 29 and 55 years | 633 | 141 | FATC samples [34] |
|
| Noyes and Grood (1976) | 6 FATC samples
Age between 16 and 26 years | 1730 (660) | 182 (56) | The presented tensile behavior of FATC is considered gold standards [35] |
20 FATC samples
Age between 48 and 86 years | 734 (266) | 129 (39) | Strength and stiffness of ligaments decrease with increase in age [35] |
|
| Woo et. al (1991) | 54 FATC samples
3 age groups (22–35, 40–50, and 60–97) were studied | 2160 (157) groups, 22–35 years
1503 (83) groups, 40–50 years
658 (129) groups, 60–97 years | 242 (28) groups, 22–35 years
220 (24) groups, 40–50 years
180 (25) groups, 60–97 years | The effects of age and orientation direction (anatomical and tibial orientation) were studied. The younger population was observed to possess higher strength. Samples tested in anatomical direction had more tensile strength than those tested in tibial orientation [36] |
|
| Chandrashekar et al. (2006) | 17 FATC (8 male FATC, 9 females)
Mean age was 37 years | 1818 (699) males, 1266 (527) females | 308 (89) males, 199 (88) females | Male FATC samples were observed to fracture at higher loads than female FATC samples [37] |
|
