An Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of the Ponseti Method in Clubfoot Treatment

Table 1

Elastic moduli of different human tendons, ligaments, and skin.

Soft tissue type	Source		Test method	Young’s modulus (MPa)	Ref.
Human ankle tendons & ligaments	Plantaris tendon		In vitro tensile		[17]
	Anterior tibialis tendon		Ultrasonography		[18]
	Peroneus longus tendon		In vitro tensile		[19]
	Peroneus brevis tendon		In vitro tensile		[19]
	Calcaneal tendon		In vitro tensile		[19]
	Calcaneofibular ligament		In vitro tensile		[19]
	Achilles tendon		Ultrasonography		[20]
	Deltoid ligaments		CT, MRI, and finite element modeling		[21]
	Medial collateral ligaments		In vitro tensile		[22]
	Lateral collateral ligaments		In vitro tensile		[22]
Human skin	Neck		MRI and finite element modeling		[23]
	Breast		Suction cup method		[24]
	Arm		In vivo tensile (extensometer)		[25]
	Arm		In vivo indentation		[26]
	Arm		In vivo indentation		[27]