Structural Damage Detection Based on Modal Parameters Using Continuous Ant Colony Optimization

Table 4

Damage detection results considering variation in stiffness/mass matrix.

Damage case	Detected damage amounts
	10% @ 5		15% @ 9		10% @ 11		20% @ 15
	Mean	Std. Dev.	Mean	Std. Dev.	Mean	Std. Dev.	Mean	Std. Dev.
0.5% variation in stiffness/mass matrix
Single element	8.34
Two-element	9.23		14.31
Four-element	9.38		14.48		9.49
1.0% variation in stiffness/mass matrix
Single element	7.71
Two-element	7.91		13.15
Four-element	8.57		13.79		8.82