Field Observation and Theoretical Study on an Existing Tunnel Underpassed by New Twin Tunnels

Figure 19

(a) Comparison of the deflection of the existing tunnel using different models. (b) Comparison of the rotational angle of the existing tunnel using different models. (c) Comparison of the normalized bending moment of the existing tunnel using different models. (d) Comparison of the normalized shear force of the existing tunnel using different models.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)