An Overview of Methods for Blast Load Testing and Devices for Pressure Measurement

Table 3

Blast pendulum tests.

Author	Year	Element type	Material type	Dimensions (mm)	Charge type	Charge weight (g)	Standoff distance (mm)	Impulse (ns)
Humphreys [52]	1965	Beams	Steel	N/A	DuPont EL-506-D	N/A	N/A	N/A
Jones et al. [53]	1970	Plated	Mild steel and aluminium	76 × 129	DuPont	N/A	N/A	N/A
Jones et al. [54]	1971	Beams and plates	Mild steel and aluminium	128 (× 128)	DuPont	N/A	N/A	N/A
Hanssen et al. [59]	2002	Panels	Aluminium foam	684 × 700	PE4	1000–2500	500	364.7–1305.3
Langdon et al. [60]	2009	Panels	GLARE	200 × 200	PE4	4–14	13	11–32
Shen et al. [57]	2010	Panels	Al-5005 H34 sheets and ALPORAS foam	400 × 400	TNT	20–60	250 and 350	15.8–41.2
Fallah et al. [61]	2014	Plates	Dyneema	300 × 300	PE4	12–50	50	17.7–114.4
Guan et al. [62]	2014	Panels	Divinycell H	Φ 90	PE4	3–7	90	5.89–11.08
Henchie et al. [63]	2014	Plates	Domex-700 MC steel	Φ 106	PE4	5–40	150	10.4–63.98
Jing et al. [64]	2014	Sandwich shell	Aluminium sheets and foam	250 × 250	TNT	10–40	100	8.73–44.38
Li et al. [65]	2014	Sandwich panels	Aluminium AL-1200H18	250 × 250	TNT	10–30	100–240	11.8–26.7
Langdon et al. [56]	2015	Plates	Mild steel, Armox 370T, AL-5083H116, and GFPP	300 × 300, 400 × 400	PE4	7–50	25 and 38	13–116.8
Ghoor [66]	2018	Panels	FRPMS and LCP	400 × 400	PE4	10–25	100	17.32–35.6
McDonald [58]	2018	Plates	RHA, IRHA, HHA, and ARS	400 × 400	PE4	30–75	50	61.2–127.9

Dyneema: ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibre composite, Divinycell H: crosslined PVC foam, GLARE: fibre metal laminate, GFPP: glass fibre-reinforced polypropylene, RHA: rolled homogeneous armour, IRHA: improved rolled homogeneous armour, HHA: high hardness armour, ARS: abrasive resistant steel, FRP+MS: fibre-reinforced polymer moulded sandwich (Airex C70:75 core), and LCP: laminated composite panels.