Metaheuristic Optimized Edge Detection for Recognition of Concrete Wall Cracks: A Comparative Study on the Performances of Roberts, Prewitt, Canny, and Sobel Algorithms

Table 2

Classification result comparison.

Prediction result	DFP-Prewitt			DFP-Roberts			DFP-Sobel			DFP-Canny
	Mean	Std.	COV	Mean	Std.	COV	Mean	Std.	COV	Mean	Std.	COV
CAR	89.954	1.033	0.011	89.630	1.307	0.015	89.475	1.069	0.012	83.411	1.666	0.020
AUC	0.900	0.010	0.012	0.896	0.013	0.014	0.895	0.011	0.012	0.834	0.017	0.020
TPR	0.890	0.022	0.024	0.857	0.015	0.018	0.858	0.019	0.022	0.880	0.028	0.031
FPR	0.091	0.017	0.181	0.065	0.019	0.289	0.069	0.016	0.239	0.213	0.027	0.126
FNR	0.110	0.022	0.197	0.143	0.015	0.106	0.142	0.019	0.132	0.120	0.028	0.231
TNR	0.909	0.017	0.018	0.935	0.019	0.020	0.931	0.016	0.018	0.787	0.027	0.034
Precision	0.910	0.014	0.016	0.930	0.017	0.019	0.925	0.018	0.019	0.808	0.020	0.024
Recall	0.890	0.022	0.024	0.857	0.015	0.018	0.858	0.019	0.022	0.880	0.028	0.031
NPV	0.881	0.020	0.022	0.879	0.018	0.020	0.866	0.018	0.021	0.868	0.018	0.021
F1 score	0.895	0.017	0.019	0.903	0.016	0.017	0.895	0.014	0.016	0.833	0.017	0.021