Impact Behavior of a Laterally Loaded Guardrail Post near Slopes by Hybrid SPH Model

Table 1

Modified material parameters in the FHWA soil model.

Variables	Description	Values
RO	Mass density of soil	2.35 × 10^−6 kg/mm^3
NPLOT	Plotting option	3
SPGRAV	Specific gravity of soil	2.79
RHOWAT	Density of water	1.0 × 10^−6 kg/mm^3
VN	Viscoplastic parameter	1.1
K	Soil’s bulk modulus	11.766 MPa
G	Soil’s shear modulus	7.06 MPa
PHIRES	Minimum internal friction angle	0.9 radian
INTRMX	Maximum number of plasticity iterations	10
MCONT	Moisture content of soil	0.034
ECCN	Eccentricity parameter for third invariant effects	0.7
COH	Cohesion or shear strength at zero confinement	6.2 × 10^−3 MPa