Novel Excavation and Construction Method for a Deep Shaft Excavation in Ultrathick Aquifers

<div>Maximum lateral wall deflection <i>δ</i><sub>hm</sub> versus excavation depth <i>H</i><sub><i>e</i></sub>.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

Figure 16: Novel Excavation and Construction Method for a Deep Shaft Excavation in Ultrathick Aquifers 