Evaluating the Surface Free Energy and Moisture Sensitivity of Warm Mix Asphalt Binders Using Dynamic Contact Angle

Table 5

Advancing contact angle of asphalt binders.

Binder type	Cecabase additive %	Solvent	Advancing contact angle (degree)
			Original sample		RTFO-aged sample		PAV-aged sample
			Average	SD	Average	SD	Average	SD
PG-64	0.0	Water	79.21	0.94	77.34	0.90	79.77	0.91
		Ethylene glycol	74.28	0.91	80.65	0.95	76.55	0.94
		Methylene iodide	74.81	0.92	75.77	0.90	79.39	0.92
	0.2	Water	80.4	0.81	79.27	0.89	79.38	0.93
		Ethylene glycol	75.25	0.88	81.23	0.96	77.53	0.93
		Methylene iodide	75.04	0.90	76.69	0.90	80.33	0.91
	0.3	Water	80.81	0.83	78.48	0.91	81.09	0.91
		Ethylene glycol	75.39	0.85	80.87	0.93	76.54	0.91
		Methylene iodide	75.17	0.87	78.66	0.90	77.25	0.86
	0.4	Water	80.64	0.81	79.66	0.88	81.67	0.90
		Ethylene glycol	74.97	0.88	81.09	0.95	77.92	0.98
		Methylene iodide	75.62	0.90	76.22	0.88	77.9	0.93
PG-76	0.0	Water	76.71	0.94	78.43	0.87	80.87	0.81
		Ethylene glycol	76.93	0.85	73.18	0.85	75.85	0.91
		Methylene iodide	76.56	0.89	75.00	0.88	75.15	0.91
	0.2	Water	79.9	0.84	80.73	0.95	81.05	0.94
		Ethylene glycol	77.42	0.90	74.96	0.93	76.46	0.91
		Methylene iodide	78.85	0.88	75.67	0.88	76.27	0.88
	0.3	Water	81.49	0.85	80.36	0.93	81.84	0.96
		Ethylene glycol	76.96	0.93	74.07	0.92	81.83	0.96
		Methylene iodide	76.84	0.89	75.33	0.90	74.63	0.92
	0.4	Water	78.25	0.91	81.3	0.93	81.21	0.84
		Ethylene glycol	76.09	0.94	74.11	0.92	76.98	0.87
		Methylene iodide	75.88	0.90	75.78	0.91	76.56	0.85