Seismic Performance Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Frame-Shear Wall Structures in Hydropower Plants Based on Material Damage
Table 1
Correlation of damage limit states with visual observation [28, 43, 47].
Damage state
Description
Visual observation
None
No visible damage, either cosmetic or structural
No visible cracks
Insignificant
Damage requires no more than cosmetic repair. No structural repairs are necessary
Hairline cracks Minor spalling
Moderate
Repairable structural damage has occurred. The existing element can be repaired essentially in place, without substantial demolition or replacement of elements
Excessive spalling Exposed reinforcement No buckling of bars
Heavy
Damage is so extensive that repair of elements either is not feasible or requires major demolition or replacement
