Hybrid Finite-Discrete Element Modelling of Excavation Damaged Zone Formation Process Induced by Blasts in a Deep Tunnel

<div>Conceptual model of the EDZ in the tunnel excavation after Kuzyk and Martino [<a href="/journals/ace/2020/7153958/#B8">8</a>] and Sato et al. [<a href="/journals/ace/2020/7153958/#B1">1</a>].</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 2: Hybrid Finite-Discrete Element Modelling of Excavation Damaged Zone Formation Process Induced by Blasts in a Deep Tunnel 