An Investigation into the Tunnel-Soil-Pipeline Interaction by In Situ Measured Settlements of the Pipelines

Figure 10

Variations in the settlements of the ϕ 300 cast iron pipeline and the ground surface with the construction time: (a) measured pipeline settlement at five monitoring points; (b) settlements at W13-1 and surface; (c) settlements at W13-2 and surface; (d) settlements at W13-3 and surface.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)