Numerical Study of Damage to Rock Surrounding an Underground Coal Roadway Excavation

<div>Summary of roof and floor displacements with distance from the roadway surface. (a) Vertical displacement toward the roadway (<i>D</i><sub><i>y</i></sub>). (b) Horizontal displacement toward the roadway (<i>D</i><sub><i>x</i></sub>).</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

fig13

Figure 13

Figure 13: Numerical Study of Damage to Rock Surrounding an Underground Coal Roadway Excavation 