Research Article

Research on Public Rental Housing PPP Project Launching Dilemmas with Dynamic Evolutionary Game

Table 1

Characteristics comparison of public rental housing supply patterns.

Public build public operate (government-led pattern)PPP (social capital-led pattern)Private build public operate (government-led pattern)

Operating patternAgent construct/BTBOT/TOTBundled construction
Participation degreeBuild/financing + buildFinancing + build + operationFinancing + build
Funding sourcesGovernmentGovernment + social capitalReal estate developer
LandLand appropriationLand appropriationLand transfer
Profit modeAgent construct fee/fixed profitGap grant + franchiseLand income compensation
Construction subjectGovernment platform companySocial capitalReal estate developer
ContractAdministrative contractPublic and private contractsBusiness contract
Procurement methodLack of competitionCompetitive procurementLack of competition in construction stage
Development tendencyForbiddenEncouraged
PerformanceInsufficient supply, poor quality, remote housing location, high rent, poor capital efficiencyShorter construction periods, lower costs, higher quality, better serviceSerious shortage of supply, medium quality, longer cycle, poor management, medium social evaluation