Numerical Simulation and Application of Zero-Thickness Contact Surface Element with Variable Shear Stiffness on Pile Foundation

<table class="table-group" id="tab3"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Normal stress (kPa)</td><td class="align_center"><i>χ</i></td><td class="align_center"><svg height="11.927pt" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-3.291101pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 15.6351 11.927" width="15.6351pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M600 0V24L339 665L311 657L43 24V0H600ZM497 50H107L303 539L497 50Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.958,3.132)"><path d="M528 97L513 125C484 95 440 68 431 68C425 68 421 76 427 107C449 227 476 342 505 451H495L418 424L385 278C338 191 220 62 157 62C145 62 133 76 145 130L200 368C215 434 210 451 183 451C157 451 92 418 24 352L37 324C78 356 106 377 115 377C123 377 122 364 116 340L64 115C58 89 56 68 56 52C56 2 78 -12 103 -12C127 -12 159 -4 190 18C247 59 309 113 366 187H368L351 108C328 1 348 -12 368 -12C403 -12 472 33 528 97Z"></path></g></svg> (mm)</td><td class="align_center"><i>D</i></td><td class="align_center"><i>C</i></td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">42</td><td class="align_center">9.591</td><td class="align_center">2.5</td><td class="align_center">0.44547</td><td class="align_center">3.46615</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="5"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Model parameter values obtained by interpolation under normal stress of 42 kPa.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Table 3

Table 3: Numerical Simulation and Application of Zero-Thickness Contact Surface Element with Variable Shear Stiffness on Pile Foundation 