Grey Wolf Optimizer-Based ANNs to Predict the Compressive Strength of Self-Compacting Concrete

Table 7

Training data statistics of the ANN-GWO, ANN-GA, and multiple linear regression models.

Network designation	ME	MAE	MSE	RMSE	AAE	EF	VAF (%)
ANN-GWO (7-13)	0.387	3.53	27.55	5.25	0.08	0.95	95
ANN-GA (11-9)	0.180	12.24	238.04	15.43	0.27	0.45	45
Multiple linear regression	0.210	9.64	135.42	11.64	0.19	0.69	69