Grey Wolf Optimizer-Based ANNs to Predict the Compressive Strength of Self-Compacting Concrete

Table 8

Testing data statistics of the ANN-GWO, ANN-GA, and multiple linear regression models.

Network designation	ME	MAE	MSE	RMSE	AAE	EF	VAF (%)
ANN-GWO (7-13)	−0.47	3.43	27.10	5.206	0.07	0.94	94
ANN-GA (11-9)	2.38	13.92	296.79	17.23	0.39	0.45	46
Multiple linear regression	−0.57	8.68	104.96	10.24	0.20	0.80	80