Research Article

Experimental Demonstration of Special-Shaped 32-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Constellations for Visible Light Communications

Table 1

Minimum EDs of different constellation shaping schemes.

ConstellationMinimum ED

Circular (4, 11, 17)0.4339
Circular (1, 5, 11, 15)0.4170
Triangular0.4619
Rectangular0.4472