Fractal Analysis and the Diagnostic Usefulness of Silver Staining Nucleolar Organizer Regions in Prostate Adenocarcinoma

Figure 1

Segmentation and binarisation of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs). Histochemical-immunohistochemical stainings have been performed for AgNORs (dark dots) and glandular basal cells (a cocktail of p63 and 34βE12, visualized in green), with a Nuclear Red counterstaining in order to ensure a good pathological classification of nodular benign nodular hyperplasia (a), atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (b), and acinar adenocarcinoma Gleason grades 2 (c), 3 (g), 4 (h), and 5 (i). Following segmentation, binary images of AgNORs substractions have been generated ((d)–(f) and (j)–(l)). Scale bar represents 100 μm.

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