Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Responsible for Beneficial Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Product “Exo-d-MAPPS” in Attenuation of Chronic Airway Inflammation

Figure 6

Exo-d-MAPPS treatment significantly improved the pulmonary status of COPD patients. Exo-d-MAPPS contains a high concentration of immunosuppressive factors (sTNFRI, sTNFRII, IL-1Ra, and sRAGE) (a). All of the 30 Exo-d-MAPPS-treated COPD patients showed marked improvement in pulmonary status, as evidenced by an increase in percentage change relative to initial value of FEV1 (%ΔFEV1), significantly higher PEF, decreased CCQ total score, and increased 6-minute walking distance (6MWD). Values are presented as . , , and (b e). The representative CT images showing less hyperexpanded lung, less flattened diaphragm, and reduced centrilobular and paraseptal emphysema in a COPD patient, one month after Exo-d-MAPPS treatment (f, g).

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