Review Article
Cost-Effectiveness of Multiple Sclerosis Disease-Modifying Therapies: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Table 1
Characteristics of disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis.
| | DMT brand name (Generic name) | Manufacturer | FDA approval year | Dose frequency administration [5] | 2010 Annual Tx cost [13, 14] | Significant risks listed in package insert |
| | Betaseron [15] (IFN beta-1b) | Bayer Health Care Pharmaceuticals, Inc | 1993 | 250 ug 2 days SC | $38,369 | | | Avonex [16] (IFN beta-1a) | Biogen Idec, Inc | 1996 | 30 ug weekly IM | $38,532 | | | Copaxone [17] (Glatiramer acetate) | Teva Neuroscience, Inc | 1996 | 20 mg daily SC | $42,940 | | | Novantrone [18] (Mitoxantrone) | Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation | 2000 | 12 mg/m2
3 months IV | $6,344 | Cardiotoxicity | | Rebif [19] (IFN beta-1a) | EMD Serono, Inc | 2000 | 44 ug 3x weekly SC | $38,646 | | | Tysabri [20] (Natalizumab) | Elan Pharmaceuticals, Inc and Biogen Idec, Inc | 2004 | 300 mg 4 weeks IV | $40,426 | Increased risk of PML,
Elevated risk for infections | | Extavia [21] (IFN beta-1b) | Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation | 2009 | 250 ug 2 days SC | $38,368 | | | Gilenya [22] (Fingolimod) | Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation | 2010 | 0.5 mg daily oral | $47,944 | Cardiotoxicity, Elevated risk for infections |
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IFN: Interferon; IM: intramuscular; IV: intravenous; PML: progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; SC: subcutaneous; Tx: treatment.
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