Basic Research Tools for Earthworm Ecology

Table 2

Details of cocoons and hatchlings of Lumbricus terrestris (mean ± SD) produced under a number of adult manipulations in Evans’ boxes, kept at 17^∘C in darkness (CTRL: no manipulation; CLtRm: earthworm removed and reintroduced; LtRp: earthworm removed and replaced by another; LtRm: earthworm removed—adapted from [34]).

Treatment	CTRL	CLtRm	LtRp	LtRm
Total cocoons	27.8 ± 2.2	24.8 ± 9.0	26.2 ± 7.3	12.6 ± 2.7
No spent cocoons	2.0 ± 2.2	3.3 ± 2.6	5.4 ± 3.0	1.8 ± 2.5
Hatchlings	1.8 ± 2.9	2.5 ± 3.1	2.2 ± 1.6	1.6 ± 1.8
Hatchling survival (%)	67 ± 29	71 ± 34	47 ± 33	67 ± 24
Hatchling mass (g)	0.19 ± 0.22	0.09 ± 0.06	0.10 ± 0.04	0.40 ± 0.38