Heavy Metal-Induced Oxidative DNA Damage in Earthworms: A Review

Table 2

Profiling of immunohistochemical analyses of 8-oxo-Gua accumulation in E. fetida.

		Segment no.
		1	2	3	4
Control	-1 wk	P1++	P1+	NS	NS
	-2 wk	P1++	P1+	P1++	P1+
	-3 wk	P1++	P1++	P1+	NS
Cd 10	-1 wk	P1++	P1+	NS	NS
	-2 wk	P1++	P1++	P1+	NS
	-3 wk	P1+	P1+	P1+	P1+
Cd 200	-1 wk	P1++	P1++	P1+	NS
	-2 wk	P1+++	P1+++	P1++	P1+
	-3 wk	P1++	P1++	P1+	P1+
Ni 10	-1 wk	P1++	P1++	P1+	P1+
	-2 wk	P1++	P1++	P1+	P1+
	-3 wk	P1++	P1++	P1+	NS
Ni 200	-1 wk	P1++	P1++	P1+	P1+
	-2 wk	P1++	P1+	P1+	P1+
	-3 wk	P1++	P1++	P1+	NS
Control	-3 M	P1++	P1++	P1+	P1+
Cd 10	-3 M	P1++ / P2++	P1++	P1+	P1+
Ni 10	-3 M	P1++	P1++	P1+	P1+

Cd10: Cd 10 𝜇g/g soil exposure, Cd200: Cd 200 𝜇g/g soil exposure, Ni10: Ni 10 𝜇g/g soil exposure, Ni200: Ni 200 𝜇g/g soil exposure.
P1: positive signal in gut epithelial layers
 P1+: weak signal
 P1++: moderate signal
 P1+++: strong signal
P2: positive signal in seminal vesicles
 P1+: weak signal
 P1++: moderate signal
 P1+++: strong signal
NS: no signal.