Biosolid Soil Application: Toxicity Tests under Laboratory Conditions
Table 2
Physicochemical and metal analysis of the control soil and biosolid sample.
Parameter
Samples
Method
G (mg/kg)
MCA (mg/kg)
CS (mg/kg)
B (mg/kg)
Arsenic
16.8
<LQ
SM21 3120B
3.5
41
Barium
5.91
158
SM21 3120B
75
1300
Cadmium
<LQ
<LQ
SM21 3120B
<0.5
39
Total calcium
25.4
3939
SM21 3120B
—
—
Organic carbon (g/kg)
12.6
279
SSSA Cap40
—
—
Lead
49.3
174
SM21 3120B
17
300
Copper
37.2
276
SM21 3120B
35
1500
Electric conductivity (μs/cm)
115
5389
SM21 3120B
—
—
Chromium
31.2
224
SM21 3120B
40
1000
Total sulfur
151
11864
SM21 3120B
—
—
Total phosphorus
182
17027
SM21 3120B
—
—
Total magnesium
<LQ
358
SM21 3120B
—
—
Mercury
<LQ
1.08
EPA 7470A
0.05
17
Molybdenum
3.64
9.55
SM21 3120B
<4
50
Nickel
13.0
82.3
SM21 3120B
13
420
Nitrate (mg/Kg)
4.40
6.79
SM21 4500- E
—
—
Nitrite (mg/Kg)
0.06
1.39
SM21 4500- B
—
—
Ammoniacal nitrogen (mg/kg)
31.8
167
SM21 4500-NH3 E
—
—
Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/Kg)
476
21620
SM21 4500-Norg B
—
—
pH
6.20
8.01
EPA 4095 C
—
—
Total potassium
406
2152
SM21 3120B
—
—
Selenium
<LQ
<LQ
SM21 3120B
0.25
100
Total sodium
<LQ
<LQ
SM21 3120B
—
—
Solid content
0.86
0.24
SM21 2540B
—
—
Moisture (g/g)
0.14
0.76
SM21 2540B
—
—
Zinc
23.2
825
SM21 3120B
60
2800
CS: control soil; B: biosolid; LQ: limits of quantification; IV: inconsistent value; G: guidelines of quality for soil (mg/kg) and groundwater in São Paulo State, according to CETESB (195/2005-E); MCA: maximum concentration allowed in sewage sludge or derivative product, according to CONAMA (375/2006).