Land Use Effects on Soil Quality Indicators: A Case Study of Abo-Wonsho Southern Ethiopia

Table 1

Soil textural fractions (gKg⁻¹), and soil bulk density (BD, Kgm⁻³) in relation to land use (Mean ± S.E.) and soil depths (cm).

Variables	Depth (cm)	Land use types				Overall
		Protected forest	Open grassland	Farmland	Grazing land
Sand	0–10	784.0 (±13.6)	714.0 (±15.0)	604.0 (±17.2)	686.0 (±9.8)	697.0 (±8.2)^b
	10–20	710.0 (±20.7)	69.00 (±18.9)	632.0 (±16.0)	624.0 (±18.1)	66.40 (±8.2)^a
	Overall	74.70 (±11.7)^c	70.20 (±12.1)^b	618.0 (±12.0)^a	655.0 (±14.2)^a
Silt	0–10	172.0 (±18.3)	172.0 (±16.6)	250.0 (±12.6)	214.0 (±6.8)	202.0 (±8.5)^a
	10–20	178.0 (±20.8)	190.0 (±15.8)	194.0 (±24.6)	244.0 (±14.0)	201.5 (±8.5)^a
	Overall	175.0 (±13.1)^a	181.0 (±11.2)^ab	222.0 (±16.0)^bc	229.0 (±8.9)^c
Clay	0–10	44.0 (±7.5)	114.0 (±29.1)	146.0 (±7.5)	100.0 (±8.9)	101.0 (±6.6)^a
	10–20	112.0 (±10.2)	120.0 (±7.1)	174.0 (±9.8)	132.0 (±11.1)	134.5 (±6.6)^b
	Overall	78.0 (±12.8)^a	117.0 (±14.1)^b	160.0 (±7.5)^c	116.0 (±8.6)^b
Bd	0–10	960 (±30)	1010 (±60)	910 (±40)	970 (±10)	960 (±30)^a
	10–20	1030 (±30)	1070 (±110)	1030 (±30)	1010 (±20)	1040 (±30)^b
	Overall	1000 (±20)^a	1040 (±60)^a	970 (±30)^a	990 (±10)^a

Overall means within rows and columns followed by different letters are significantly different (𝑃<0.05) with land use and soil depths.