Factors Associated with Anemia among People Living with HIV/AIDS Taking ART in Ethiopia

Table 3

Clinical characteristics and their association with anemia under unadjusted logistic regression analysis (n = 301).

Background characteristics	Frequency (%)	Anemia status		OR (95%CI)	Χ^2	P value
		Anemic; frequency (%)	Not anemic; frequency (%)
		104(34.6)	197(65.4)
CD4 count level (cells/μL) (median CD4 count = 332 ± 195.67)					2.17	0.14
≥ 200	232(77.1)	75	157	1.52[0.87, 2.64]
<200	69(22.9)	29	40	∗∗
WBC count level (cells/μL) (median WBC count = 5490 ± 4013.00)					8.33	0.00∗
≥ 4500	206(68.4)	60	146	2.10[1.27, 3.47]
<4500	95(31.6)	44	51	∗∗
Platelet count level (cells/μL) (median platelet count = 287000 ± 97499.53)					5.78	0.01∗
≥ 150, 000	281(93.4)	92	189	3.08[1.22, 7.80]
<150,000	20(6.6)	12	8
BMI (kg/m^2)					23.45	0.00∗
Underweight	36(12)	24	125	1.67[0.63, 4.44]
Normal	185(61.5)	60	12	0.40[0.13, 1.28]
Overweight	62(20.6)	12	50	3.33[1.08, 10.25]
Obese	18(6)	8	10	∗∗
WHO Clinical HIV/AIDS stage					16.72	0.00∗
Stage I	119(39.5)	28	91	3.51[1.90, 6.50]
Stage II	61(20.3)	20	41	2.22[1.10, 4.45]
Stage III	44(14.6)	16	28	1.89[0.89, 4.44]
Stage IV	77(25.6)	40	37	∗∗
ART regimen					1.53	0.22
ZDV containing	188(62.5)	60	128	1.36[0.84, 2.21]
Not ZDV containing	113(37.5)	44	69	∗∗
Anti-Tb treatment history					0.61	0.44
Yes	104(34.6)	36	65	0.82[0.50, 1.35]
No	197(65.4)	65	132	∗∗

Note: CD4 = cluster of differentiation 4, WBC = white blood cells, BMI = body mass index, ZDV = zidovudine, μL = microliter.
∗∗ reference; ∗ statistically significant.