Advances in Human-Computer Interaction

Research Article

On Compiler Error Messages: What They Say and What They Mean

Table 7

Which principles are violated by which compilers for Error message 3.
Compiler
Principleg++ MinGW MVC++ BC++
Clarity & Brevity
Specificity
Context-insensitivityblackblackblackblack
Localityblackblackblackblack
Proper phrasing:
 Positive tone
 Constructive guidanceblackblackblackhalf-black
 Programmer languagehalf-black