Research Article

Enhanced Cognitive Walkthrough: Development of the Cognitive Walkthrough Method to Better Predict, Identify, and Present Usability Problems

Table 4

The ECW analysis template.
(a)

3.0Set wake-up alarmSet wake-up alarm
Failure/success storyUsability problemPSPT

Do not know. It depends on whether the user has read the manual or has the expectation of being able to execute this setting.User does not expect functionality3U
Yes, there is an icon with LED in the user interface.No usability problem5
Yes, probably. The icon has the appearance of a classic wake-up bell.Unclear icon4T
Yes, the LED for wake-up alarm is lit.No usability problem5
Yes, the symbol for wake-up in the display appears or disappears.No usability problem5

(b)

3.1Enter wake-up alarm modePress the function button oncePSPT

Yes, probably. The users know that they have to enter a mode to be able to set the wake-up alarm.User does not expect action4U
Yes. The function button is specifically marked and accessible.No usability problem5
Yes, probably. The function button is marked with a symbol for circular change, and the users can use the method of elimination.The function button can be hard to interpret4T
Yes, the users have motoric precision and force to press the button.No usability problem5
Yes, the lit LEDs change and the wake-up time is shown in the display.No usability problem5

(c)

3.2Activate wake-up alarmPress the increase button oncePSPT

Do not know. It depends on the user’s mental model of which order the users expect the sequence of action to be in.User does not expect action3S
Yes. The increase button is specifically marked and accessible.No usability problem5
Yes. This is the only button that is plausible to use to activate the wake-up alarm.No usability problem5
Yes, the users have motoric precision and force to press the button.No usability problem5
Yes, the symbol for activated wake-up alarm becomes visible in the display.No usability problem5

(d)

3.3Shift to setting of wake-up timePress the function button oncePSPT

Yes, probably. The users have the goal of setting the wake-up time.User does not expect action4S
Yes. The function button is specifically marked and accessible.No usability problem5
No, uncertain. The users may not realise that they must press the function button to be able to set the wake-up time.Unclear marking of correct action2T
Yes, the users have motoric precision and force to press the button.No usability problem5
Yes, probably. The wake-up time starts to flash.Unclear feedback4F

(e)

3.4Adjust wake-up timePress increase or decrease buttons until the desired wake-up time is shownPSPT

Yes. The users have the goal of setting the wake-up time. No usability problem5
Yes, the increase and decrease buttons are specifically marked and accessible.No usability problem5
Yes, plus and minus are well-recognised symbols for increasing and decreasing parameters.No usability problem5
Yes, the users have motoric precision and force to press the button.No usability problem5
Yes, probably. The wake-up time shown in the display changes concurrently with the button pressings. However, the pressing changes time to minutes and the hours follow.Unclear feedback4F

(f)

3.5Exit setting of wake-up timePress the function button three times to exit setting of wake-up timePSPT

Yes. It is natural to exit the setting mode.
No usability problem5
Yes. The function button is specifically marked and accessible.No usability problem5
Yes. The function button is the logical selection to go further.No usability problem5
Yes, the user has motoric precision and force to press the button.No usability problem5
Do not know. The time stops flashing, but the interface shows the set pressure directly.Unclear feedback3F