A Hierarchical Probabilistic Framework for Recognizing Learners’ Interaction Experience Trends and Emotions

Figure 5

Three different patterns of learners’ emotional responses. MANOVA tests revealed a significant effect of the interaction trends for the three cases: (a) 𝐹(8, 74) = 7.75, 𝑝<0.001; Pillai’s Trace = 0.91, partial 𝜀²=0.46, (b) 𝐹(8, 74) = 3.43, 𝑝<0.05; Pillai’s Trace = 0.54, partial 𝜀²=0.27, and (c) 𝐹(8, 74) = 4.42, 𝑝<0.001; Pillai’s Trace = 0.65, partial 𝜀²=0.33.

(a)

(b)

(c)