Physics Potential of Long-Baseline Experiments

<table class="table-group" id="tab5"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td align="left">Ion </td><td align="center"><svg height="9.25" id="M763" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.4499998 9.25" width="9.4499998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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z" id="x1D70F"></path></g>
</svg> (s) </td><td align="center"><svg height="16.512501" id="M764" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.325001 16.512501" width="18.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,11.363,15.75)"><path d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105
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</svg> (MeV) </td><td align="center"><span style="width: 12.1625px;"><svg height="17.7875" id="M765" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.1625 17.7875" width="12.1625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.625,12.725)"><path d="M619 670q0 -13 -9 -26t-18 -19q-13 -10 -25 2q-36 38 -66 38q-31 0 -54.5 -50t-45.5 -185h120l-20 -31l-107 -12q-23 -138 -57 -293q-27 -122 -55 -184.5t-75 -109.5q-60 -61 -114 -61q-25 0 -47.5 15t-22.5 31q0 17 31 44q11 8 20 -1q10 -11 31 -19t35 -8q26 0 47 19
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</svg></span></td><td align="center"> Decay fraction </td><td align="center"> Beam </td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><svg height="21.1875" id="M766" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.2875 21.1875" width="13.2875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,.625,8.175)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,6.336,8.175)"><path d="M249 635q70 0 116 -43t46 -105q0 -46 -28 -80q-22 -25 -80 -64q62 -35 97 -75t35 -99q0 -81 -63 -131t-135 -50q-83 0 -137.5 45.5t-54.5 123.5q0 52 45 95q29 28 89 64q-109 62 -109 155q0 66 50.5 115t128.5 49zM238 603q-42 0 -67.5 -31t-25.5 -72q0 -50 32.5 -79.5
t98.5 -62.5q61 48 61 124q0 59 -29.5 90t-69.5 31zM248 20q46 0 76.5 33.5t30.5 89.5q0 50 -39 85.5t-110 71.5q-81 -54 -81 -137q0 -67 35.5 -105t87.5 -38z" id="x38"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,.625,20.412)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,6.336,20.412)"><path d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105
q0 -76 10 -138.5t37 -107.5t69 -45q32 0 55.5 25t35.5 68.5t17.5 91.5t5.5 105t-5.5 105.5t-18 92t-36 68t-56.5 24.5z" id="x30"></path></g>
</svg>Ne </td><td align="center"> 2.41 </td><td align="center"> 3.92</td><td align="center">820.37</td><td align="center">92.1%</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 15.8375px;"><svg height="13.0875" id="M767" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.8375 13.0875" width="15.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.625,8.238)"><path d="M509 373q0 -52 -42.5 -118.5t-124.5 -159.5l-94 -107h-27q-22 209 -78 342q-21 48 -41 48q-18 0 -63 -62l-22 21q77 111 125 111q30 0 52 -21.5t38 -75.5q37 -130 52 -285q48 62 74.5 99.5t53.5 87t27 76.5q0 43 -17 60q-5 5 -5 15q0 17 12.5 30.5t28.5 13.5
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,9.663,12.313)"><path d="M391 364q0 -28 -20.5 -53.5t-50 -43.5t-70 -34t-73.5 -25t-68 -17v-29q0 -48 20 -81t65 -33q73 0 157 76l16 -23q-107 -113 -221 -113q-21 0 -40.5 6.5t-39 22t-31.5 47t-12 75.5q0 69 33.5 139.5t95.5 114.5q77 55 143 55q42 0 69 -24.5t27 -59.5zM313 350
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</svg></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><svg height="21.112499" id="M768" style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.5749998 21.112499" width="7.5749998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,.625,8.25)"><path d="M137 343l67 33q37 17 63 17q79 0 129.5 -53t50.5 -131q0 -92 -58 -156.5t-147 -64.5t-147 68t-58 182q0 63 17 119t43 95.5t61.5 72t69 52t67.5 31.5q62 22 128 33l6 -32q-56 -11 -108 -35q-149 -71 -184 -231zM227 337q-47 0 -95 -27q-6 -23 -6 -70q0 -93 36 -155.5
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</svg>He </td><td align="center"> 1.17 </td><td align="center"> 4.02</td><td align="center">934.53</td><td align="center">100% </td><td align="center"><span style="width: 15.8375px;"><svg height="17.3375" id="M769" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.8375 17.3375" width="15.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,90,90)">
<path d="m -71.5,70.48 7.23,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.68000001;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.625,12.488)"><path d="M509 373q0 -52 -42.5 -118.5t-124.5 -159.5l-94 -107h-27q-22 209 -78 342q-21 48 -41 48q-18 0 -63 -62l-22 21q77 111 125 111q30 0 52 -21.5t38 -75.5q37 -130 52 -285q48 62 74.5 99.5t53.5 87t27 76.5q0 43 -17 60q-5 5 -5 15q0 17 12.5 30.5t28.5 13.5
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,9.663,16.562)"><path d="M391 364q0 -28 -20.5 -53.5t-50 -43.5t-70 -34t-73.5 -25t-68 -17v-29q0 -48 20 -81t65 -33q73 0 157 76l16 -23q-107 -113 -221 -113q-21 0 -40.5 6.5t-39 22t-31.5 47t-12 75.5q0 69 33.5 139.5t95.5 114.5q77 55 143 55q42 0 69 -24.5t27 -59.5zM313 350
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</svg></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><svg height="21.1875" id="M770" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.5749998 21.1875" width="7.5749998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg>B</td><td align="center"> 1.11 </td><td align="center"> 14.43</td><td align="center">600872.07</td><td align="center">100%</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 15.8375px;"><svg height="13.0875" id="M771" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.8375 13.0875" width="15.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.625,8.238)"><path d="M509 373q0 -52 -42.5 -118.5t-124.5 -159.5l-94 -107h-27q-22 209 -78 342q-21 48 -41 48q-18 0 -63 -62l-22 21q77 111 125 111q30 0 52 -21.5t38 -75.5q37 -130 52 -285q48 62 74.5 99.5t53.5 87t27 76.5q0 43 -17 60q-5 5 -5 15q0 17 12.5 30.5t28.5 13.5
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,9.663,12.313)"><path d="M391 364q0 -28 -20.5 -53.5t-50 -43.5t-70 -34t-73.5 -25t-68 -17v-29q0 -48 20 -81t65 -33q73 0 157 76l16 -23q-107 -113 -221 -113q-21 0 -40.5 6.5t-39 22t-31.5 47t-12 75.5q0 69 33.5 139.5t95.5 114.5q77 55 143 55q42 0 69 -24.5t27 -59.5zM313 350
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</svg></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><svg height="21.1875" id="M772" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 7.5749998 21.1875" width="7.5749998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,.625,8.175)"><path d="M249 635q70 0 116 -43t46 -105q0 -46 -28 -80q-22 -25 -80 -64q62 -35 97 -75t35 -99q0 -81 -63 -131t-135 -50q-83 0 -137.5 45.5t-54.5 123.5q0 52 45 95q29 28 89 64q-109 62 -109 155q0 66 50.5 115t128.5 49zM238 603q-42 0 -67.5 -31t-25.5 -72q0 -50 32.5 -79.5
t98.5 -62.5q61 48 61 124q0 59 -29.5 90t-69.5 31zM248 20q46 0 76.5 33.5t30.5 89.5q0 50 -39 85.5t-110 71.5q-81 -54 -81 -137q0 -67 35.5 -105t87.5 -38z" id="x38"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,.625,20.412)"><path d="M285 378v-2q65 -13 102 -54.5t37 -97.5q0 -57 -30.5 -104.5t-74 -75t-85.5 -42t-72 -14.5q-31 0 -59.5 11t-40.5 23q-19 18 -16 36q1 16 23 33q13 10 24 0q58 -51 124 -51q55 0 88 40t33 112q0 64 -39 96.5t-88 32.5q-29 0 -64 -11l-6 29q77 25 118 57.5t41 84.5
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</svg>Li</td><td align="center"> 1.20 </td><td align="center">13.47 </td><td align="center">425355.16</td><td align="center"> 100% </td><td align="center"><span style="width: 15.8375px;"><svg height="17.3375" id="M773" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 15.8375 17.3375" width="15.8375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,90,90)">
<path d="m -71.5,70.48 7.23,0" style="fill:none;stroke:#000000;stroke-width:0.68000001;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-dasharray:none"></path>
</g>
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.625,12.488)"><path d="M509 373q0 -52 -42.5 -118.5t-124.5 -159.5l-94 -107h-27q-22 209 -78 342q-21 48 -41 48q-18 0 -63 -62l-22 21q77 111 125 111q30 0 52 -21.5t38 -75.5q37 -130 52 -285q48 62 74.5 99.5t53.5 87t27 76.5q0 43 -17 60q-5 5 -5 15q0 17 12.5 30.5t28.5 13.5
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,9.663,16.562)"><path d="M391 364q0 -28 -20.5 -53.5t-50 -43.5t-70 -34t-73.5 -25t-68 -17v-29q0 -48 20 -81t65 -33q73 0 157 76l16 -23q-107 -113 -221 -113q-21 0 -40.5 6.5t-39 22t-31.5 47t-12 75.5q0 69 33.5 139.5t95.5 114.5q77 55 143 55q42 0 69 -24.5t27 -59.5zM313 350
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</svg></span></td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="6"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Beta decay parameters: lifetime <svg height="9.25" id="M760" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.4499998 9.25" width="9.4499998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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z" id="x1D70F"></path></g>
</svg>, electron total end-point energy <svg height="16.512501" id="M761" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.325001 16.512501" width="18.325001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.625,11.675)"><path d="M609 650l-19 -162l-30 -2q2 69 -14 94q-9 18 -28.5 26t-74.5 8h-88q-30 0 -37 -6.5t-12 -36.5l-41 -212h103q48 0 69 5.5t32 19t26 50.5h29l-40 -198h-30q2 58 -11.5 70.5t-85.5 12.5h-99l-30 -167q-17 -87 3 -101q18 -15 111 -15q59 0 89 7t54 27q8 7 15.5 16t16 21.5
l14 20.5t15 23.5t13.5 21.5l29 -10q-52 -129 -71 -163h-500l6 28q66 4 83 17.5t28 73.5l77 409q11 61 -0.5 75.5t-78.5 18.5l10 28h467z" id="x1D438"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,11.363,15.75)"><path d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105
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</svg>, <svg height="17.7875" id="M762" style="vertical-align:-3.56265pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.1625 17.7875" width="12.1625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.625,12.725)"><path d="M619 670q0 -13 -9 -26t-18 -19q-13 -10 -25 2q-36 38 -66 38q-31 0 -54.5 -50t-45.5 -185h120l-20 -31l-107 -12q-23 -138 -57 -293q-27 -122 -55 -184.5t-75 -109.5q-60 -61 -114 -61q-25 0 -47.5 15t-22.5 31q0 17 31 44q11 8 20 -1q10 -11 31 -19t35 -8q26 0 47 19
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</svg>-value, and decay fraction for various ions. This table has been taken from [<a href="/journals/ahep/2014/457803/#B108">73</a>].

Advances in High Energy Physics

Physics Potential of Long-Baseline Experiments

Table 5