Image Hashing for Tamper Detection with Multiview Embedding and Perceptual Saliency

Table 1

Probability of true authentication comparisons among five algorithms under malicious attacks and various content-preserving manipulations. TP and Ori in the table indicate tampered images and original images, respectively. NCD and RTD indicate the newly created dataset and the Realistic Tampering dataset, respectively.

	Dataset & Method
Manipulations	CASIA					NCD					RTD
	[1]	[8]	[11]	[5]	Our	[1]	[8]	[11]	[5]	Our	[1]	[8]	[11]	[5]	Our
Ori+Gaussian Bluring	0.97	0.97	0.95	0.99	0.98	0.99	0.99	0.94	0.99	0.97	0.99	0.99	0.71	0.99	0.95
Ori+JPEG Compression	0.98	0.98	0.99	0.94	0.98	0.99	0.99	0.98	0.95	0.98	0.99	0.99	0.95	0.86	0.89
Ori+Motion Bluring	0.97	0.98	0.96	0.98	0.97	0.99	0.99	0.95	0.99	0.99	0.99	0.99	0.96	0.99	0.97
Ori+Salt&Pepper Noise	0.99	0.99	0.99	0.99	0.99	0.99	0.99	0.98	0.99	0.98	0.98	0.99	0.96	0.99	0.95
Ori+ Image Scaling	0.63	0.76	0.71	0.69	0.80	0.67	0.81	0.63	0.88	0.83	0.69	0.88	0.71	0.90	0.85
Ori+ Image Sharpening	0.83	0.89	0.97	0.99	0.96	0.88	0.91	0.95	0.99	0.95	0.80	0.95	0.94	0.99	0.81
TP	0.83	0.90	0.84	0.90	0.92	0.91	0.91	0.89	0.93	0.95	0.84	0.79	0.81	0.73	0.85
TP+Gaussian Bluring	0.84	0.90	0.87	0.90	0.93	0.91	0.92	0.91	0.93	0.95	0.85	0.80	0.87	0.73	0.86
TP+JPEG Compression	0.83	0.90	0.85	0.91	0.92	0.91	0.92	0.88	0.93	0.95	0.85	0.80	0.84	0.78	0.86
TP+Motion Bluring	0.84	0.90	0.86	0.90	0.93	0.91	0.93	0.91	0.93	0.95	0.84	0.79	0.83	0.73	0.85
TP+Salt&Pepper Noise	0.83	0.90	0.86	0.90	0.93	0.91	0.92	0.91	0.93	0.95	0.85	0.80	0.82	0.73	0.87
TP+ Image Scaling	0.88	0.93	0.92	0.93	0.94	0.95	0.94	0.95	0.94	0.95	0.88	0.83	0.88	0.77	0.87
TP+ Image Sharpening	0.85	0.90	0.87	0.90	0.93	0.91	0.91	0.92	0.93	0.95	0.86	0.81	0.83	0.73	0.86