Estimating Climate Trends: Application to United States Plant Hardiness Zones

Table 1

Results of hindcasts of station annual minimum temperature.

	1 year ahead		2 years ahead
	Climatology	Trend	Climatology	Trend
RMSE	3.97	3.88	3.99	3.85
MAE	3.15	3.03	3.17	3.00
Bias	−1.05	+0.11	−1.13	+0.01

RMSE: root mean square error; MAE: mean absolute error; units are K.