Flood Prediction in Ungauged Basins by Physical-Based TOPKAPI Model

Table 3

Main parameters of the TOPKAPI model.

Modules	Parameter	Description
Groundwater	Horizontal hydraulic conductivity	Reflecting water conduction rate in soil
Surface runoff	Surface Manning coefficient	Calculating factors of water conduction rate on the surface
	Saturated water content	When the soil water content reaches the saturated state, the volume percentage of water content
	Soil thickness	The soil depth between soil and bedrock reflects the total volume of soil on the underlying surface in the calculation unit
Channel runoff	Riverbed Manning coefficient	Calculation factors of water conduction rate in rivers