Characteristics of the South China Sea Monsoon from the Onset to Withdrawal before and after 1993/94

<div>Composite evolution of OLR (W/m<sup>2</sup>, shadings) and 850 hPa wind (m/s, vectors) based on the SCSSM withdrawal date from (a) two pentads before the monsoon withdrawal (<span class="nowrap"><svg height="8.98583pt" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-0.3499308pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 27.8847 8.98583" width="27.8847pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M600 480C600 590 528 650 384 650H143L137 622C222 614 225 607 210 531L130 127C113 41 106 36 23 28L17 0H294L300 28C204 36 195 42 212 127L243 284L314 263C327 263 339 263 352 264C465 271 600 337 600 480ZM508 481C508 351 402 304 329 304C289 304 265 311 250 317L295 559C302 594 310 606 323 611C335 616 350 619 367 619C455 619 508 573 508 481Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.932,0)"><path d="M535 230V280H52V230H535Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.468,0)"><path d="M412 140C382 77 369 73 315 73H129L270 222C362 320 402 379 402 466C402 571 322 635 234 635C177 635 130 609 99 576L42 495L64 475C90 514 133 568 201 568C274 568 318 519 318 435C318 349 255 267 193 193C144 135 87 78 32 23V0H405C417 45 427 89 440 131L412 140Z"></path></g></svg>),</span> (b) one pentad before the monsoon withdrawal (<span class="nowrap"><svg height="8.98583pt" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-0.3499308pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 27.8847 8.98583" width="27.8847pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M600 480C600 590 528 650 384 650H143L137 622C222 614 225 607 210 531L130 127C113 41 106 36 23 28L17 0H294L300 28C204 36 195 42 212 127L243 284L314 263C327 263 339 263 352 264C465 271 600 337 600 480ZM508 481C508 351 402 304 329 304C289 304 265 311 250 317L295 559C302 594 310 606 323 611C335 616 350 619 367 619C455 619 508 573 508 481Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.932,0)"><path d="M535 230V280H52V230H535Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.468,0)"><path d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z"></path></g></svg>),</span> (c) during the monsoon withdrawal (<i>P</i>0), and (d) one pentad after the monsoon withdrawal (<span class="nowrap"><svg height="8.98583pt" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-0.3499308pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 27.8847 8.98583" width="27.8847pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M600 480C600 590 528 650 384 650H143L137 622C222 614 225 607 210 531L130 127C113 41 106 36 23 28L17 0H294L300 28C204 36 195 42 212 127L243 284L314 263C327 263 339 263 352 264C465 271 600 337 600 480ZM508 481C508 351 402 304 329 304C289 304 265 311 250 317L295 559C302 594 310 606 323 611C335 616 350 619 367 619C455 619 508 573 508 481Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.932,0)"><path d="M535 230V280H323V490H265V280H52V230H265V-3H323V230H535Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.468,0)"><path d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z"></path></g></svg>)</span> for the period of 1979–2016.</div>

Advances in Meteorology

fig6

Figure 6

Figure 6: Characteristics of the South China Sea Monsoon from the Onset to Withdrawal before and after 1993/94 