Research Article
Carbon Dioxide Emission Measurement and Its Spatiotemporal Evolution of Tourism Industry in Heilongjiang Province, China
Table 2
Tapio carbon emission decoupling relationship index.
| Type | Index | ΔE | ΔI | t | Implication |
| Decoupling | Strong decoupling | <0 | >0 | <0 | CO2 emissions reduced and income increased | Recession decoupling | <0 | <0 | >1.2 | The reduction rate of CO2 emissions is faster than the reduction rate of income | Weak decoupling | >0 | >0 | 0 < t < 0.8 | The increase in CO2 emissions is slower than the increase in income |
| Connection | Critical growth | >0 | >0 | 0.8 < t < 1.2 | CO2 emissions are growing at the same rate as income | Critical decline | <0 | <0 | 0.8 < t < 1.2 | CO2 emissions are declining at the same rate as income |
| Negative decoupling | Weak negative decoupling | <0 | <0 | 0 < t < 0.8 | The reduction rate of CO2 emissions is slower than the reduction rate of income | Expansive decoupling | >0 | >0 | >1.2 | The increase in CO2 emissions is faster than the increase in income | Strong negative decoupling | >0 | <0 | <0 | CO2 emissions increased and income reduced |
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