Spectral-Collocation Methods for Fractional Pantograph Delay-Integrodifferential Equations

Figure 3

Example 2: approximation solutions with different 𝛼 and exact solution of 𝑦(𝑡) with 𝛼=1 (a). Comparison between approximate solution and exact solution of 𝑦^′(𝑡).

(a)

(b)