Numerical Analysis of Nanofluids in Differentially Heated Enclosure Undergoing Orthogonal Rotation

Table 1

Thermophysical properties of water with Cu [12], Al₂O₃ [17], Ag, and TiO₂ [20].

Physical properties	Water	Ag	Cu	AL2O3	TiO2
Cp (J/kg K)	4179	235	383	765	686.2
𝜌(kg/m^3)	997.1	10500	8954	3600	4250
𝑘(Wm^−1K^−1)	0.6	429	400	46	8.954
𝛽×10^−5(1/K)	21	5.4	1.67	0.63	2.4