Approximate Analytical Solution to Nonlinear Delay Differential Equations by Using Sumudu Iterative Method

Moltot, Asfaw Tsegaye; Deresse, Alemayehu Tamirie

doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2466367

Advances in Mathematical Physics

On this page

Abstract Introduction Discussion Conclusion Data Availability Conflicts of Interest Authors’ Contributions Acknowledgments References Copyright Related Articles

Research Article | Open Access

Volume 2022 | Article ID 2466367 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2466367

Approximate Analytical Solution to Nonlinear Delay Differential Equations by Using Sumudu Iterative Method

Asfaw Tsegaye Moltot¹and Alemayehu Tamirie Deresse¹

Academic Editor: S. A. Edalatpanah

Received25 Jul 2022

Revised05 Sept 2022

Accepted22 Sept 2022

Published19 Oct 2022

Abstract

In this study, an efficient analytical method called the Sumudu Iterative Method (SIM) is introduced to obtain the solutions for the nonlinear delay differential equation (NDDE). This technique is a mixture of the Sumudu transform method and the new iterative method. The Sumudu transform method is used in this approach to solve the equation’s linear portion, and the new iterative method’s successive iterative producers are used to solve the equation’s nonlinear portion. Some basic properties and theorems which help us to solve the governing problem using the suggested approach are revised. The benefit of this approach is that it solves the equations directly and reliably, without the prerequisite for perturbations or linearization or extensive computer labor. Five sample instances from the DDEs are given to confirm the method’s reliability and effectiveness, and the outcomes are compared with the exact solution with the assistance of tables and graphs after taking the sum of the first eight iterations of the approximate solution. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the recommended strategy is encouraging for solving other types of nonlinear delay differential equations.

1. Introduction

The more general kind of differential equations (DEs) is called functional differential equations (FDEs), as well as the delay differential equation (DDE) is the simplest and may be the most natural class of FDEs [1]. DDEs constitute a large and significant class of dynamical systems. Time delays are natural components of the dynamic processes of biology, ecology, physiology, economics, epidemiology, and mechanics, and so a genuine model of these processes must comprise time delays. DDEs are a form of DEs in which the derivative of the unknown function at a specific period is provided in terms of values of the function at past periods. Announcing delays in models enriches the vitality of these models and allows a perfect interpretation of actual occurrences [2–4]. DDEs arise frequently in various physical occurrences. To be precise, they are vital once ordinary differential equation- (ODE-) based models are ineffective. In disparate ODEs, where preliminary conditions are stated at the initial point, DDEs need the history of the system over the delayed intervals which are then provided as preliminary conditions. DDEs are infinite-dimensional and challenging to appraise since delay terms exist in the model [5]. Hence, solving DDEs is an important area of investigation for different scientists.

Recently, many researchers established and investigated various analytical and numerical methods to obtain approximate/exact solutions for nonlinear DEs as well as DDEs [6–8]. The variational iteration method (VIM) was employed by the authors of the publication [9–12] to discover a rough solution to nonlinear DDEs. To solve models of delayed vector-borne illnesses and delayed protein degradation, [13] incorporated the differential transform technique, Tarig transformation method, and Padè approximation in 2022. The Padè approximation is applied to this method to broaden the approximation solutions’ convergence domain. Kumar and Methi [14] obtained the numerical result of some NDDEs with the support of Banach contraction method (BCM). To demonstrate that the suggested technique is fit for solving NDDEs, they also offered the numerical results, convergence theorem, and error analysis for various DDEs. In the publication [15], the authors debate an inverse problem for the NDDE that consists of approximating a solution by defining the beginning moment and delay parameter based on the experimental data. The inverse issue is seen as a nonlinear optimal control problem using the stated approach, for which the requisite criteria of optimality are established and shown. A method based on a better parallel evolutionary algorithm is used to solve the derived optimum control issue. In his publication [16], Familua proposes a straightforward method for solving specific second-order DDEs numerically without reducing them to systems of lower orders. Power series and an exponential function were combined to create the approaches utilizing a collocation approach. The first two grid points interpolate the approximation basis functions, and both grid and off-grid points collocate them. Additionally, the author combined the generated schemes and their derivatives to create block techniques, which enable the simultaneous direct solution of second-order DDEs without the laborious requirement of building separate predictors. To analyze the semianalytical solution of the DDEs, the writers of the effort [17] construct a novel technique called the Mohand homotopy perturbation transform method (MHPTM). This approach combines the Mohand transform with the homotopy perturbation method (HPTM). A novel class of neutral FDDEs using the generalized ψ-Caputo derivative on a partially ordered Banach space is investigated by the authors of the study [18]. The Dhage approach and the Banach contraction standard are used to demonstrate the presence and uniqueness of the solutions to the specified boundary value issue. The authors of the paper [19] considered a class of singularly perturbed advanced DDEs of convection-diffusion type. They use finite and hybrid difference schemes to solve the problem on piecewise Shishkin mesh. Readers can consult references [5, 20–24] for more work on DDEs that are linked to their interests.

Several intellectuals have created a variety of analytical integral transform techniques for precise and approximated answers during the past few years, including the Laplace transform method [25, 26], Shehu transform method [27, 28], Aboodh transform method [22], Sumudu transform method [29], Elzaki transform method [30], and Mohand transform method [17]. The Sumudu transform method is an integral like the Laplace transform method, introduced in the early 1990s by Watugala [31] to solve DEs and control engineering problems. This method converts a linear DE to an algebraic equation that can be resolved by consuming formal algebraic methods. The initial DE can then be resolved by employing the inverse Sumudu transformations. When matched to other methods, the Sumudu transform technique has the advantage of providing an accurate result quickly and without making any restricting assumptions about the result (see [29]). Unfortunately, this transform fails to crack nonlinear partial DEs, unlike the other integral transforms [32]. In these circumstances, the Sumudu transform method is frequently recycled with other well-used techniques such as the Adomian decomposition method (ADM), HPM, VIM, and the new iterative method [29, 33]. Alternatively, we may frequently employ integral transform techniques such as Laplace, Elzaki, and Shehu in place of the Sumudu transform method. Likewise, techniques like HPM, VIM, and ADM may be employed in place of the new iterative procedure. The HPM, also known as the He-Laplace technique, was developed by Mishra and Tripathi [34] and combines the Laplace transform with He’s polynomials to solve DDEs, which have a variety of applications in physics, digital image processing, signal processing, and applied disciplines. With the usage of the Laplace transform homotopy perturbation approach (He-Laplace method), the writers of the study [35] were able to acquire the approximate analytical solutions of four distinct kinds of conformable partial DEs. We encourage readers to look at the descriptions of a few integral transforms in Table 1 [36].

The major goal of this study is to suggest the Sumudu Iterative Method (SIM), a trustworthy analytical technique for obtaining precise answers to NDDEs. This strategy combines the Sumudu transform method with an iterative method, two potent approaches. An iterative method (IM) has been presented by Daftardar-Gejji and Jafari to solve linear and nonlinear functional equations [37–40]. The IM has been effectively applied in many kinds of investigation to solve some linear and nonlinear PDEs and ODEs, NDDEs, higher-order integro-DEs, two-dimensional nonlinear Sine Gordon equation (NLSGE), and Korteweg-de Vries equations [25, 41–43]. The author of the study [29] successfully integrated the double Sumudu transform with the iterative approach to produce an approximate analytical answer to the one-dimensional coupled NLSGE, which cannot be solved by utilizing the double Sumudu transform alone. In this approach, the linear part of the problem was handled utilizing the double Sumudu transform method, and the nonlinear part through an additional iterative approach. According to Deresse [26], recent research has been done on the exact analytical solutions to the -dimensional nonlinear conformable fractional telegraph equation utilizing the conformable fractional triple Laplace transform approach in blend with the innovative iterative method. In the specified technique, the new iterative method’s consecutive iteration process is used to eliminate the equation’s nonlinear noise components, and one iteration yields the exact answer. While the conformable fractional triple Laplace transform method is reused to resolve the linear constituent of the issue. To solve fractional-order Cauchy reaction-diffusion equations (CRDEs) in a vision of conformable derivative (CD), Rezapour et al. engaged the innovative iterative technique in aggregation with the Shehu transform scheme in their greatest latest publication [44].

The primary driving force behind the current study endeavor is the fact that the amalgamation of the Sumudu transform method and the new iterative SIM has not yet been investigated to solve NDDEs in the literature. The linear DDE was the subject of other research projects as well. This study work primarily focuses on NDDEs as a result, which is our second reason for introducing the novel approach SIM. The outcomes of the samples exhibit the accuracy and potency of this method, which does not require the imposition of any extra constraints to arrive at an analytical answer to the anticipated difficulties. It is a skilled scheme for reducing the number of calculations while keeping the answer more accurate and efficient.

In this work, we consider the following DDE in the form [22]

subject to where is the derivative of of order , is the linear bounded operator, is a nonlinear bounded operator, is a given continuous function, and .

The remaining parts of this paper are structured as follows: Section 2 presents the basic explanations and properties of the Sumudu transform method. In Section 3, we clarify the methodology of the new iterative method. Section 4 demonstrates how SIM is pragmatic to the proposed problem DDE. Section 5 is dedicated to illustrating the SIM to five problems. In Section 6, we talk over the numerical results and illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the SIM. Lastly, concluding remarks are outlined in Section 7.

2. Sumudu Transform Method

The definitions, characteristics, and theorems of the Sumudu transform scheme that we employed in this work are offered in this section (refer to [29, 45–52]).

Definition 1. For any real numbers , the function is defined as the Sumudu transform of a function which is given by

Definition 2. The inverse Sumudu transform of a function is denoted by the symbol and is defined by the Bromwich contour integral

2.1. Convergence Theorem of Sumudu Transform

Lemma 3. Let be a continuous function. If the integral
converges at , then the integral converges for .

Theorem 4. Let and let be the Sumudu transforms of the function , then

2.2. Existence and Uniqueness of the Sumudu Transform Method

Theorem 5 (existence). If is an exponential order, then its Sumudu transform is given by where

The defining integral for exists at points in right half plane and .

Theorem 6 (uniqueness). Letandbe continuous functions defined forwhich have Sumudu transforms,and, respectively. If almost everywhere, then , where is a complex number.

See [45, 46] for the proof.

2.3. Some Properties of Sumudu Transform

Property 7. Over the set of function : the Sumudu transform is defined by

Property 8 (linearity property). Let and be any two functions whose Sumudu transforms exist. Then, for arbitrary constant and , we have

Proof. Using the definition of Sumudu transform and property of integral, we have Hence, the proof.

Property 9 (first scale preserving theorem). If , then , where is nonzero constant.

Proof. Let , then

Property 10 (first shifting theorem). If , then

Property 11 (second shifting theorem). If , then .

3. The New Iterative Method (NIM)

Daftardar-Gejji and Jafari [38] have suggested a new iterative method (NIM) for resolving nonlinear functional equations of the form where is a known function and a nonlinear operator. In this scheme, we assume that equation (12) has a series answer of the form

The nonlinear operator can be decomposed as

This implies that

Using equations (14) and (13) in equation (12), we obtain

From equation (16), we define the subsequent recurrence relation:

As a result, equation (12) is equivalent to

Therefore, the term approximate answer of equation (1) is given by (20)

3.1. Convergence of the New Iterative Method

This subsection offers the conditions for the convergence of the series (20). For more details, attracted readers may refer to [53].

Theorem 12. If is a continuously differentiable functional in a neighborhood of and for each “” and for some real and then the series is absolutely convergent and moreover,

Theorem 13. If is a continuously differentiable functional in a neighborhood of and for all , then the series is absolutely convergent.

4. Sumudu Iterative Method (SIM)

In this section, the general form of the ^th-order DDE (1) with the initial value (2) is treated using the suggested method SIM.

Step 1. Applying the Sumudu transform on both sides of equation (1), we get

Step 2. Theoremis used to obtain where (24)
Replacing (24) into (21) and shortening, we obtain

Step 3. Applying the inverse Sumudu transform on both sides of equation (22), we get

Step 4. Now, we surprise the iterative method. We assume that
is the solution of equation (1).

Step 5. Substituting equation (27) into equation (23), we acquire

Step 6. Using (16), decompose the nonlinear termin equation (24) as follows:

Step 7. Replacing equation (25) in equation (24), we get

Step 8. Define the recurrence relation from the systems of equation (26) as follows: Therefore, in truncated series form, the approximate analytical solution of the DDE (1) is given by

5. Illustrative Examples

In this part, four nonlinear DDEs are used to demonstrate the effectiveness and validity of the SIM.

Example 1 (see [44]). Consider a first-order nonlinear DDE: subject to the initial condition The analytical solution is given by .

Solution: taking the Sumudu transform on both sides of equation (29), we get

Taking the place of equation (30) into equation (29), we achieve

Subsequently, taking the inverse Sumudu transform of equation (32) implies that

By using the properties of Sumudu transforms listed in Table 2, equation (33) becomes

Now, applying the new iterative method to equation (34) in a vision of equations (27)–(31), we attain the components of the solution as follows:

Hence, and

Therefore,

Likewise, we can obtain the leftover values by means of the recurrence relation .

Now, in vision of (28), the solution of Example 1 is

Example 2. Consider the following nonlinear second-order DDE [23]: with initial condition

The analytical solution is given by .

Solution: taking the Sumudu transform on both sides of equation (39), we get

Replacing equation (40) into equation (39), we get

Subsequently, taking the inverse Sumudu transform of equation (42) suggests that

By using the properties of Sumudu transforms listed in Table 2, equation (43) becomes

Now, applying the new iterative method to equation (44) in the opinion of equations (27)–(31), we achieve the components of the answer as follows:

As a result,

Similarly, we can obtain the continuing values by using the recurrence relation.

Now, in sight of (28), the solution of Example 2 is

Example 3. Consider the following nonlinear second-order DDE [24]: with initial condition

The analytical solution is given by .

Solution: taking the Sumudu transform on both sides of equation (49), we acquire

Replacing equation (50) into equation (49), we get

Consequently, taking the inverse Sumudu transform of equation (52) implies that

By using the properties of Sumudu transforms listed in Table 2, equation (53) becomes

Now, applying the new iterative method to equation (54) in the understanding of equations (27)–(31), we attain the components of the answer as follows:

Similarly, we can get the continuing values by consuming the recurrence relation

Now, in vision of (28), the solution of Example 3 is

Example 4. Consider the following nonlinear first-order DDE [24]: with initial condition

The analytical solution is given by .

Solution: taking the Sumudu transform on both sides of equation (58), we get

Substituting equation (59) into equation (58), we get

Subsequently, taking the inverse Sumudu transform of equation (61) implies that

By using the properties of Sumudu transforms listed in Table 2, equation (62) becomes

Now, applying the new iterative method to equation (63) in the opinion of equations (27)–(31), we acquire the components of the solution as follows:

Hence, and .

Therefore,

Similarly, we can gain the remaining values by using the recurrence relation

Now, in the understanding of (28), the solution of Example 4 is

Example 5. Consider the nonlinear proportional delay differential equation [(39)]: with initial condition

The exact solution is given by

Solution: taking the Sumudu transform on both sides of equation (69), we get

Replacing equation (70) into equation (72), we get

Consequently, taking the inverse Sumudu transform of equation (73) implies that

By using the properties of Sumudu transforms listed in Table 2, equation (74) becomes

Now, applying the new iterative method to equation (75) in the understanding of equations (27)–(31), we attain the components of the answer as follows:

Similarly, we can obtain the continuing values by consuming the recurrence relation

Now, in view of (28), the solution of Example 5 is

6. Discussion

A graph is an essential tool for illustrating the phenomenon physical structures in the context of practical applications. This section has covered the acquired solution that has been shown with figures and tables. The comparison of the eight-term approximate solution using the current technique with the precise answers for illustrative instances at various values of the time variable is shown in Figures 1(a), 2(a), 3(a), 4(a), and 5(a). These figures demonstrate that the present approach SIM is an effective mathematical instrument. The solution of plots using the present method and the precise solution virtually fit one over the other. Figures 1(b), 2(b), 3(b), 4(b), and 5(b) present the 2D graphs of absolute errors in the interval and over the eight-term approximate and accurate solutions of instances 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. There are error functions accessible to separate the scheme’s competency and exactness. We provided the absolute, relative, and recurrence error functions to describe the precision and competence of SIM.

(a)

(b)

(a)

(b)

(a)

(b)

(a)

(b)

(a)

(b)

The comparisons of eight-term approximation solutions and the exact solutions for instances are shown in Tables 3–7 together with their corresponding absolute errors for various values of the time variable . The tables show that the current method’s answer provides a very excellent estimate with very little error in comparison to the precise solution. Moreover, the proposed approach gives a small error neighboring , but the error increases as grows. This is to means that a greater approximation can be achieved for small values of time . Additionally, the recurrence and relative errors of the SIM approximation solution for instances are generated to verify the correctness of our technique, as shown in Tables 8–12. It is clear from the findings that the current approach is a useful and efficient solution for solving specific classes of nonlinear DDEs with a minimum of computations and iterations.

7. Conclusion

This study introduced SIM, a hybridization of the Sumudu transform method with the new iterative method. First, the linear component of DDEs is solved using the Sumudu transform method. To simplify the complexity of the novel term from the nonlinear term, a posttreatment new iterative method is employed as illustrated in Section 3. We provide the fundamental definitions and terminology for the DDEs, the new iterative approach, and the Sumudu transform method. The validity and consistency of SIM have been verified with the help of five significant problems. The absolute, recurrence, and relative errors of all considered examples are interpreted graphically and numerically, for different values of the time variable . From the demonstrative examples, the results reveal that the current technique SIM generates a decent approximation that is extremely close to the precise answers with a low amount of error. Therefore, SIM is quite valuable, as it allows us to improve accuracy and efficiency and provides a mathematical tool for nonlinear DDEs. Finally, we hope that this work is a step toward examining this approach to tackling some exciting problems in various areas of science and engineering, given the ongoing use of nonlinear DDEs as models in several different disciplines.

Data Availability

No data were used to support the study.

Conflicts of Interest

There are no conflicts of interest declared by the authors.

Authors’ Contributions

The authors all participated equally and approved the submitted version of the paper.

Acknowledgments

The College of Natural Sciences at Mizan Tepi University and the Department of Mathematics provided the essential materials for this study, for which the authors are thankful.

References

S. I. Jumaa, Solving linear first order delay differential equations by MOC and steps method comparing with Matlab solver, Near East University in Nicosia, 2017, Doctoral dissertation, Ph. D thesis.
H. Singh, “Numerical simulation for fractional delay differential equations,” International Journal of Dynamics and Control, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 463–474, 2021.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
B. Pervaiz, A. Zada, S. Etemad, and S. Rezapour, “An analysis on the controllability and stability to some fractional delay dynamical systems on time scales with impulsive effects,” Adv. Difference Equ., vol. 2021, no. 1, pp. 1–36, 2021.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
Y. Nakata, “Period two solution for a class of distributed delay differential equations,” https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.13615, 2022.
View at: Google Scholar
Y. Mahatekar and P. S. Scindia, “A new family of methods for solving delay differential equations,” https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.06925, 2021.
View at: Google Scholar
A. T. Deresse, “Analytical solution of one-dimensional nonlinear conformable fractional telegraph equation by reduced differential transform method,” Adv. Math. Phys., vol. 2022, article 7192231, 18 pages, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
A. T. Deresse, Y. O. Mussa, and A. K. Gizaw, “Analytical solution of two-dimensional Sine-Gordon equation,” Advances in Mathematical Physics, vol. 2021, Article ID 6610021, 15 pages, 2021.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
I. Ali, “Long time behavior of higher-order delay differential equation with vanishing proportional delay and its convergence analysis using spectral method,” AIMS Mathematics, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 4946–4959, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
S. Vilu, R. R. Ahmad, and U. K. S. Din, “Variational iteration method and Sumudu transform for solving delay differential equation,” International Journal of Differential Equations, vol. 2019, Article ID 6306120, 6 pages, 2019.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
R. Malikov, G. Abdirashidova, and A. Abdirashidov, “Approximate solution some delay differential equations using combination of the Laplace transform and the variational iteration method,” ISJ Theoretical and Applied Science, vol. 85, no. 5, pp. 406–411, 2020.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
V. Srivastava, “Approximate analytical solution of linear and nonlinear fractional delay differential equations using new variational iteration method,” Open Science Journal, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 1–11, 2020.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
A. M. Ahmad, A. M. Saif, and A. A. Ayiman, “Application of the alternative variational iteration method to solve delay differential equations,” International journal of Physical sciences, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 112–119, 2020.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
M. K. Ghaffara, F. S. Fadhelc, and N. E. Arifd, “Solution of delay differential equations using Tarig-Padè differential transform method with an application to vector-borne diseases,” International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 3551–3565, 2022.
View at: Google Scholar
A. Kumara and G. Methi, “Solution of delay differential equations using iterative methods,” AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 2336, no. 1, article 030008, 2021.
View at: Google Scholar
M. Nachaoui, A. Nachaoui, and T. Tadumadze, “On the numerical approximation of some inverse problems governed by nonlinear delay differential equation,” RAIRO Operations Research, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 1553–1569, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
A. B. Familua, “Direct approach for solving second order delay differential equations through a five-step with several off-grid points,” International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, vol. 8, pp. 1–23, 2021.
View at: Google Scholar
X. Luo, M. Habib, S. Karim, and H. A. Wahash, “Semianalytical approach for the approximate solution of delay differential equations,” Complexity, vol. 2022, Article ID 1049561, 6 pages, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
A. Boutiara, M. M. Matar, M. K. A. Kaabar, F. Martínez, S. Etemad, and S. Rezapour, “Some qualitative analyses of neutral functional delay differential equation with generalized Caputo operator,” Journal of Function Spaces, vol. 2021, Article ID 9993177, 13 pages, 2021.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
P. Hammachukiattikul, E. Sekar, A. Tamilselvan, R. Vadivel, N. Gunasekaran, and P. Agarwal, “Comparative study on numerical methods for singularly perturbed advanced-delay differential equations,” Journal of Mathematics, vol. 2021, Article ID 6636607, 15 pages, 2021.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
B. Baculìková, B. Sudha, K. Thangavelu, and E. Thandapani, “Oscillation of second order delay differential equations with nonlinear nonpositive neutral term,” Mathematica Slovaca, vol. 72, no. 1, pp. 103–110, 2021.
View at: Google Scholar
R. Amin, N. Patanarapeelert, M. A. Barkat, I. Mahariq, and T. Sitthiwirattham, “Two-dimensional Haar wavelet method for numerical solution of delay partial differential equations,” Journal of Function Spaces, vol. 2022, Article ID 7519002, 9 pages, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
M. E. Benattia and K. Belghaba, “Application of the Aboodh transform for solving fractional delay differential equations,” Universal Journal of Mathematics and Applications, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 93–101, 2020.
View at: Google Scholar
V. Yamana and B. Yilmaz, “Solutions of nonlinear delay differential equations by Daftardar-Jafari method,” Turkish Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science, vol. 10, pp. 95–106, 2018.
View at: Google Scholar
M. Aibinu, S. C. Colin, and S. Moyo, “Solving delay differential equations via Sumudu transform,” International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 563–575, 2022.
View at: Google Scholar
A. T. Deresse, Y. O. Mussa, and A. K. Gizaw, “Solutions of two-dimensional nonlinear Sine-Gordon equation via triple Laplace transform coupled with iterative method,” Journal of Applied Mathematics, vol. 2021, Article ID 9279022, 15 pages, 2021.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
A. T. Deresse, “Analytical solutions to two-dimensional nonlinear telegraph equations using the conformable triple Laplace transform iterative method,” Adv. Math. Phys., vol. 2022, article 4552179, 17 pages, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
M. I. Liaqat, A. Khan, M. Alam, M. K. Pandit, S. Etemad, and S. Rezapour, “Approximate and closed-form solutions of Newell-Whitehead-Segel equations via modified conformable Shehu transform decomposition method,” Mathematical Problems in Engineering, vol. 2022, Article ID 6752455, 14 pages, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
M. E. Benattia and K. Belghaba, “Shehu conformable fractional transform, theories and applications,” Çankaya University Journal of Science and Engineering, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 024–032, 2021.
View at: Google Scholar
A. T. Deresse, “Double Sumudu transform iterative method for one-dimensional nonlinear coupled Sine-Gordon equation,” Adv. Math. Phys., vol. 2022, article 6977692, 15 pages, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
E. S. Al-Rawi and M. A. Samarchi, “On the use of Elzaki decomposition method for solving higher-order integro-differential equations,” International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences, vol. 2022, Article ID 5638901, 8 pages, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
G. K. Watugala, “Sumudu transform: a new integral transform to solve differential equations and control engineering problems,” International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 35–43, 1993.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
S. A. Ahmed, A. Qazza, and R. Saadeh, “Exact Solutions of Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations via the New Double Integral Transform Combined with Iterative Method,” Axioms, vol. 11, no. 6, p. 247, 2022.
View at: Google Scholar
M. Ouafoudi and F. Gao, “Exact solution of fractional Black-Scholes European option pricing equations,” Applied Mathematics, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 86–100, 2018.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
H. K. Mishra and R. Tripathi, “Homotopy perturbation method of delay differential equation using He’s polynomial with Laplace transform,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section A: Physical Sciences, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 289–298, 2020.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
S. Iqbal, M. K. A. Kaabar, and F. Martinez, “A novel homotopy perturbation algorithm using Laplace transform for conformable partial differential equations,” Mathematical Problems in Engineering, vol. 2021, Article ID 2573067, 13 pages, 2021.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
M. Kapoor, N. A. Shah, S. Saleem, and W. Weera, “An analytical approach for fractional hyperbolic telegraph equation using Shehu transform in one, two, and three dimensions,” Mathematics, vol. 10, no. 12, article 1961, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
A. G. Khan, F. Ameen, M. U. Awan, and K. Nonlaopon, “Some new numerical schemes for finding the solutions to nonlinear equations,” AIMS Mathematics, vol. 7, no. 10, pp. 18616–18631, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
V. Daftardar-Gejji and H. Jafari, “An iterative method for solving nonlinear functional equations,” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol. 316, no. 2, pp. 753–763, 2006.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
G. Sana, M. A. Noor, and K. I. Noor, “Some multistep iterative methods for nonlinear equation using quadrature rule,” International Journal of Analysis and Applications, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 920–938, 2020.
View at: Google Scholar
G. Sana, P. O. Mohammed, D. Y. Shin, M. A. Noor, and M. S. Oudat, “On iterative methods for solving nonlinear equations in quantum calculus,” Fractal and Fractional, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 60–117, 2021.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
A. A. Aswhad and S. M. Yassein, “Numerical solution of non-linear delay differential equations using semi analytic iterative method,” Journal of the college of basic education, vol. 25, no. 103, pp. 131–142, 2019.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
S. M. Yassein, “Application of iterative method for solving higher order integro-differential equations,” Ibn AL-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 51–61, 2019.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
S. M. Yassein and A. A. Aswhad, “Efficient iterative method for solving Korteweg-de Vries equations,” Iraqi Journal of Science, vol. 60, no. 7, pp. 1575–1583, 2019.
View at: Google Scholar
S. Rezapour, M. I. Liaqat, and S. Etemad, “An effective new iterative method to solve conformable Cauchy reaction-diffusion equation via the Shehu transform,” Journal of Mathematics, vol. 2022, Article ID 4172218, 12 pages, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
H. Eltayeb and A. Kilicman, “A note on the Sumudu transforms and differential equations,” Applied Mathematical Sciences, vol. 4, no. 22, pp. 1089–1098, 2010.
View at: Google Scholar
M. Sahni, M. Parikh, and R. Sahni, “Sumudu transform for solving ordinary differential equation in a fuzzy environment,” Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 1565–1577, 2021.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
Z. Ahmeda, M. I. Idreesb, F. B. M. Belgacemc, and Z. Perveen, “On the convergence of double Sumudu transform,” Journals of Nonlinear Sciences and Applications, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 154–162, 2020.
View at: Google Scholar
R. K. Bairwaa and K. Singh, “Sumudu transform Iterative Method for solving time-fractional Schrödinger Equations,” Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 154–162, 2021.
View at: Google Scholar
E. Karatas Akgül and A. Akgül, “New applications of Sumudu transform method with different fractional derivatives,” International Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics, vol. 8, no. 5, 2022.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
U. Duran, “Modified Sumudu transform and its properties,” Sakarya University Journal of Science, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 106–113, 2021.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
S. Jeevitha, S. Komala, S. Silambarasi, S. Susitha, and R. Vanitha, “An introduction of Sumudu transform,” Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 771–778, 2021.
View at: Google Scholar
R. P. Briones, “On the solution of partial differential equations using the Sumudu transform,” International Journal of Mathematical Analysis, vol. 14, no. 8, pp. 389–395, 2020.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
S. Bhalekar and V. Daftardar-Gejji, “Convergence of the new iterative method,” International Journal of Differential Equations, vol. 2011, Article ID 989065, 10 pages, 2011.
View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar

Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Asfaw Tsegaye Moltot and Alemayehu Tamirie Deresse. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PDF Download Citation

Download other formats

Order printed copies

Views

512

Downloads

616

Citations